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Message Catalogs/Local language adaptations

Message catalogs, local language adaptations. error message tables, etc.
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Subject Divisions (default selections)
(These links to detailed subjects under this one retain your personalized selections.)

Russian - Russian Language specific

Chinese - Chinese Language specific

Vietnamese - Vietnamese Language specific

Japanese - Japanese Language specific

Korean - Korean Language specific

Hebrew - Hebrew Language specific

#Overviews and other related subjects# - related, but not under or including this subject directly.


Books: Showing

Unicode Demystified: A Practical Programmer's Guide to the Encoding Standard
[Richard Gillam; 2002-07-26] ISBN 0201700522
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

Language and the Internet
[David Crystal; 2001-10] ISBN 0521802121
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

XML Internationalization and Localization
[Yves Savourel; 2001-06-26] ISBN 0672320967
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

Unicode : A Primer
[Tony Graham; 2000-04] ISBN 0764546252
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0
[The Unicode Consortium (Editor), et al; 2000-02-11] ISBN 0201616335
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

Building Natural Language Generation Systems (Studies in Natural Language Processing)
[Ehud Reiter, Robert Dale; 2000-01] ISBN 0521620368
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

International Technical Communication : How to Export Information About High Technology (Wiley Technical Communication Library)
[Nancy L. Hoft; 1995-04] ISBN 0471037435
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half

Natural Language Understanding (2nd Edition)
[James Allen; 1995-01] ISBN 0805303340
- At Barnes & Noble - At Amazon - At Half


Articles: Showing

Software Localization for Internet Software: Issues and Methods ( Rosann Webb Collins ; IEEE Software Magazine 2002-03)

- For Web sites to be usable for a global audience, those sites must be adapted to many local requirements. This paper examines key issues in such adaptation (termed localization), considers the costs and specific aspects of software that must be localized, and presents an approach for analyzing and documenting software localization. The paper is based on a review of relevant literature, meetings with localization industry representatives, and an ongoing participant observation in a global telehealth company. Examples from the company illustrate the localization issues and their possible outcomes or solutions.

Translation Technology Tries to Hurdle the Language Barrier ( Linda Dailey Paulson ; IEEE Computer Magazine 2001-09)

A Global Perspective on Web Site Usability ( Shirley A. Becker, Florence E. Mottay ; IEEE Software Magazine 2001-01)

- Online business failures are increasing as customers turn away from unusable or unfriendly sites. From a global perspective, usability requires cultural sensitivity in language translation, along with the appropriate use of color, design, and animation.

Multicode: A Truly Multilingual Approach to Text Encoding ( Muhammad F. Mudawwar ; IEEE Computer Magazine 1997-04)

- Unicode was designed to extend ASCII for encoding text in different languages, but it still has several important drawbacks. Multicode overcomes those drawbacks.

Beyond Language Translation: Crossing the Cultural Divide ( Kumiyo Nakakoji ; IEEE Software Magazine 1996-11)

- Working in and designing for other cultures can lead to communication breakdowns. The author explores how this happens and suggests ways that we can use potentially problematic situations to our advantage.

An Interactive Support Tool for Writing Multilingual Manuals ( Cécile Paris, Keith Vander Linden ; IEEE Computer Magazine 1996-07)

- Drafter is a prototype of a tool that would let technical writers produce high-quality multilingual manuals. Drafter would also automate some of their more tedious tasks.

Going Global With User Testing ( Jakob Nielsen ; IEEE Software Magazine 1996-07)

Interactive Natural Language Processing: Building on Success ( Bill Z. Manaris, Brian M. Slator ; IEEE Computer Magazine 1996-07)

Internationalizing Software with Concurrent Engineering ( Farshad Rafii, Sam Perkins ; IEEE Software Magazine 1995-09)

- Today’s global markets and multinational networks demand the simultaneous release of applications in many languages. Concurrent engineering offers a solution to this challenge, if the benefits of a potential market can be successfully balanced against the risk of untried technologies. The authors present a framework of options for doing so.

Off-Line Arabic Character Recognition ( Habib Goraine, Mike Usher, Samir Al-Emami ; IEEE Computer Magazine 1992-07)

- A personal computer-based Arabic character recognition system that performs three preprocessing stages sequentially, thinning, stroke segmentation, and sampling, is described. The eight-direction code used for stroke representation and classification, the character classification done at primary and secondary levels, and the contextual postprocessor used for error detection and correction are described. Experimental results obtained using samples of handwritten and typewritten Arabic words are presented.

Design of a Bitmapped Multilingual Workstation ( Richard F. Walters ; IEEE Computer Magazine 1990-02)

- Previous work in multilingual support is reviewed. Research to date has involved four basic issues: character-set standardization, text input, internal storage and manipulation and display systems. Each of these areas is discussed. A workstation that supports many character sets in a windows environment and provides display and data manipulation of multiple character sets is also described.


Questions and Answers: Showing

Installing Linux in Languages Other than English? [2001/09/21]

At Ask Slashdot

Muliti-Lingual Web Sites and Character Encoding? [2001/06/05]

At Ask Slashdot

Resources for Learning Foreign Languages? [2001/06/01]

At Ask Slashdot

Obtaining Technical Documents In Obscure Languages? [2001/05/04]

At Ask Slashdot

How do I configure the perl5 locale settings so thatperl behaves? [ 2000/08/01]

At DaemonNews

On Creating Multilingual Web Sites? [ 2000/04/17]

At Ask Slashdot

Are there UNICODE String Literals in GCC? [ 1998/11/21]

At Ask Slashdot


Applications and Utilities: Showing

compile_et(1) - error table compiler {oss}

Man pages: FreeBSD RedHat
Source code: OpenBSD FreeBSD
et - Error table compiler and library (At comp.sources.unix at ISC)

gencat(1) - NLS catalog compiler {oss}

Man pages: FreeBSD Solaris
Source code: OpenBSD FreeBSD

GNU gettext - tool set has everything maintainers need to internationalize a package's user messages. {GPL,GNU}

At GNU project

utf8conv-1.1 - Convert hexadecimal Unicode character values to UTF-8

At FreeBSD Ports

tamago-emacs21-4.0.6 - The Multilingual Input Method - Egg V4

At FreeBSD Ports

py22-iconv-1.0_1 - An iconv wrapper with unicode codec for Python

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-Lingua-Preferred-0.2 - Perl extension to choose a language

At FreeBSD Ports

kbedic-2.1 - An English-to-Bulgarian and Bulgarian-to-English dictionary

At FreeBSD Ports

iw-he2-0.61 - An editor for editing (primarily LaTeX) Hebrew files

At FreeBSD Ports

fribidi-0.10.3 - A Free Implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm

At FreeBSD Ports

icu-1.7 - International Components for Unicode (from IBM)

At FreeBSD Ports
Robust and full-featured unicode support (At NetBSD packages collection)

mguesser-0.1 - A tool for guessing a text's charset and language

At FreeBSD Ports

poedit-1.1.8_1 - gettext catalogs (.po files) editor

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-Locale-Maketext-0.18 - A framework for software localization and inheritance-based lexicons

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-Text-Iconv-1.2_1 - Perl interface to iconv() codeset conversion function

At FreeBSD Ports

ruby-iconv-0.4.5_1 - An iconv wrapper class for Ruby

At FreeBSD Ports

koi8-u-gemini-x11-1.0 - Ukrainian KOI8 fonts for X11R6 (koi8-u)

At FreeBSD Ports

pango-1.0.1_1 - An open-source framework for the layout and rendering of i18n text

At FreeBSD Ports

fribidi-0.1.12 - A Free Implementation of the Unicode BiDi algorithm

At FreeBSD Ports

xml-i18n-tools-0.9 - Xml internationalization support for GNOME, and others

At FreeBSD Ports
xml-i18n-tools-0.8.1 - XML internationalisation tools (At NetBSD packages collection)

mule-ucs-emacs20-0.84 - Universal encoding system for GNU Emacs 20

At FreeBSD Ports

linguist-0.0 - A tool for generating translations of strings used in i10'ed Qt programs

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-WWW-Babelfish-0.09 - Perl interface to obtain translations from the babelfish server

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-I18N-LangTags-0.20 - Functions for dealing with RFC-1766-style language tags

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-Unicode-Map8-0.10 - Perl class that implement efficient mapping tables between 8-bit charsets and Unicode

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-gettext-1.01 - Message handling functions

At FreeBSD Ports

de-dict-1.2 - Simple english/german dictionary

At FreeBSD Ports

gettext-0.10.35 - GNU gettext package.

At FreeBSD Ports
gettext-0.11.1_1 - GNU gettext package (At FreeBSD Ports)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.7_packages i386)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.8_packages i386)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.7_packages m68k)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.7_packages sparc)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.8_packages vax)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.8_packages powerpc)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.8_packages m68k)
gettext-0.10.35.tgz - GNU gettext (At OpenBSD 2.8_packages sparc)
gettext-0.10.35nb1 - tools for providing messages in different languages (At NetBSD packages collection)
gettext-lib-0.10.35nb1 - tools for providing messages in different languages, libintl only (At NetBSD packages collection)

number - Arabic numerals to multi-lingual natural language {oss}

At comp.sources.unix at UUNET

runes - an implementation of setlocale(3) and all its friends, {oss}

At comp.sources.unix at UUNET

English (ESL) Pro

Vocabulary Builder Arabic

Talk Now! Norwegian

World Talk Thai

Talk Now! Latin

World Talk Portuguese

Talk Now! Croatian

Talk Now! Vietnamese

Talk Now! Polish

World Talk Polish

Talk Now! Portuguese

Talk Now! Arabic

Latin Now! 9.0

Instant Immersion Italian Pro (7 CD ROM)

Instant Immersion English Pro (7 CD-ROM)

Instant Immersion German Pro (7 CD-ROM)

Learn to Speak English 8.1 (2002)

A+ Italian

Rosetta Stone: Chinese Explorer

Arabic Made Easy (Jewel Case)

Persian Tutor (Jewel Case)

Instant Immersion American Sign Language

Talk Now Italian 6.0

Berlitz Communicate & Connect English

Instant Immersion Japanese 2 CD-ROM Set (Jewel Case)

ESL Instant Immersion English 2 CD-ROM Set (Jewel Case)

Instant Immersion - English - ESL (4 CD-ROM)

Learn Russian Now! 8.0

Instant Immersion Italian (4 CD-ROM)

Instant Immersion German (4 CD-ROM)

German Now! 8.0

Italian Now! 8.0

The American Sign Language Dictionary

Hablemos Ingles 7.0

Easy Translator 3

Rosetta Stone: Swahili Explorer

Rosetta Stone: Indonesian Explorer

Rosetta Stone: Hindi Explorer

Rosetta Stone: PowerPac

Rosetta Stone: Portuguese Explorer

Rosetta Stone: Latin Explorer

LogoMedia Translate Japanese Language Package with Technical Dictionaries

Rosetta Stone Danish Explorer

Rosetta Stone Japanese Personal Edition Level 1

LogoMedia Translate Japanese Language Package

Learn Polish Now!

Rosetta Stone English Personal Edition Level 1

LogoMedia Translate Russia Language Package

Learn Japanese Now!

Rosetta Stone English Explorer

LogoMedia Translate German Language Package with Technical Dictionaries

LogoMedia Translate German Language Package

Rosetta Stone German Personal Edition Level 1

Learn Italian Now!

LogoMedia Translate Italian Language Package with Technical Dictionaries

LogoMedia Translate Italian Language Package

Rosetta Stone Italian Personales

Learn Irish Gaelic Now!

LogoMedia Translate European Languages Package

Learn German Now!

LogoMedia Translate European Languages Package with Technical Dictionaries

Rosetta Stone: Italian Explorer

LogoMedia Translate Magellan Language Package

Translation Manager 2.0 Upgrade From Personal

LogoMedia Translate Magellan Language Package with Technical Dictionaries

LogoMedia Translate Express

Learn Arabic Now!

Learn Dutch Now!

Learn Swedish Now!

Applications and Utilities

Others not displayed here
Full List

Libraries and Components: Showing

catclose (3) - close message catalog {oss}

Man pages: FreeBSD NetBSD
Source code: OpenBSD FreeBSD

catgets (3) - retrieve string from message catalog {oss}

Man pages: FreeBSD RedHat Solaris NetBSD
Source code: OpenBSD FreeBSD

catopen (3) - open message catalog {oss}

Man pages: FreeBSD RedHat Solaris NetBSD
Source code: OpenBSD FreeBSD

nl_langinfo (3) - get locale information {oss}

Man pages: NetBSD
Source code: OpenBSD

setlocale localeconv (3) - natural language formatting for C {oss}

Man pages: FreeBSD RedHat Solaris NetBSD
Source code: OpenBSD FreeBSD
[ANSI C X3.159-1989]

iconv-extra-2.0 - Additional charsets for the iconv library (those from the Unicode site)

At FreeBSD Ports

iconv-rfc1345-2.0 - Additional charset modules for the iconv library (from RFC1345)

At FreeBSD Ports

xunicode-0.3.3 - A library for making toolkits support Unicode

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-Unicode-String-2.06 - These are experimental Perl5 modules to handle various Unicode issues

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-Apache-Language-0.14 - A perl module that provides language-aware object hashes

At FreeBSD Ports

p5-I18N-Charset-1.08 - Module which maps CharSet names to the names registered with IANA

At FreeBSD Ports

leim-20.7 - Libraries of (GNU) Emacs Input Method

At FreeBSD Ports
Libraries of Emacs Input Methods (At NetBSD packages collection)

p5-Locale-Codes-1.06 - Perl5 module providing access to ISO3166 and ISO639 Country Codes

At FreeBSD Ports
ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/packages/pkgsrc/misc/p5-Locale-Codes/README.html (At NetBSD packages collection)

number - Arabic numerals to multi-lingual natural language {oss}

At comp.sources.unix at ISC

runes - an implementation of setlocale(3) and all its friends {oss}

At comp.sources.unix

I18N::Collate - Compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale. (A locale is kind of a language-specific definition of the set of valid characters.) [Perl] {oss}

At CPAN

Locale::iconv - A Perl interface to the XPG4 iconv() function. [Perl] {oss}

At CPAN

Locale::Language - Two-letter codes for language identification. Part of the locale-codes distribution. [Perl] {oss}

At CPAN

Locale::Msgcat - Support for the message catalog functions of XPG4. [Perl] {oss}

At CPAN

Libraries and Functions

Others not displayed here
Full List

Related Subjects (default selections)
Subject classifications directly under this one are #here#.

(The following links to subjects at this site retain your personalized selections.)

Up to User Interface - Gateway topic to presentation (like printing and graphics) and user interface routines. Textual User Interfaces Curses et al.

(There may be additional related subject pages listed here)

External Categories

Yahoo! Computers and Internet:Software:Localization

(Metalab at UNC) /pub/linux/utils/nls/ - Stuff for multi-lanuage support

(Metalab at UNC) /pub/linux/X11/i18n/ - X internationalization support

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